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Mirzhakip Dulatov is a bright Kazakh poet, writer, and publicist. A prominent educator and teacher, M. Dulatov went down in history as a major representative of the Kazakh literature of the beginning of the century. He is one of the organizers of the first Kazakh party "Alash", the author of the party's program. As one of the leaders of the national liberation movement, M. Dulatov was persecuted by the tsarist authorities. He was posthumously rehabilitated only in 1988.
The famous figure of the Kazakh people M. Dulatov was born on November 25, 1885, in the village of Sarykopa, Torgai region, now it is the Kostanay region, Zhangeldinsky district. As a small child, he lost his mother, and at the age of 12, his father died. He studied at the aul school and then entered the Russian-Kazakh school, where he was taught by Akhmet Baitursynov. After completing the pedagogical courses, from 1902 to 1909 he worked as a village teacher. Observing the life of the steppe people, he saw extreme social injustice and acted as a fighter against the tsarist arbitrariness.
He began active political activity in 1905. In Omsk, he met with A. Baitursynov and A. Bokeikhanov. He became involved in revolutionary organizations. From 1905 to 1907, he was a member of the Kazakh constitutional democratic party in Uralsk.
In 1909, M. Dulatov published his first poetry collection "Oyan, Kazak!". The headline called on the people to rise up against the Tsar's tyranny. Because of his publications of a national liberation nature, he was persecuted by the tsarist authorities. The poet moved from his native land to Petropavlovsk, where he continued his literary activity.
The roman "Unhappy Jamal" by M. Dulatov is the truth about the destiny of the Kazakh woman, caught in the grip of feudalism. The publication was published in 1910 in Orenburg. Three years later, a collection of poems "Azamat" was published there. In 1915, the literary and journalistic work "Terme" was published.
I'm an unenviable tree in various places
There are no superb fruits on it.
But entirely and from the root I am local.
Alash! (A countryman of mine!).
My fruits are yours.
In his works, M. Dulatov called the people to enlightenment, education, and equality. His poems are full of high literary skill and civic spirit. The poet left a big mark in translation as well: he translated poems by A. Pushkin, M. Lermontov, F. Schiller, G. Tukay.
In 1911, M. Dulatov was arrested in Semipalatinsk. He spent a year and eight months in prison. After being released, the poet began to publish in the magazine "Aykap" and the newspaper "Kazak", founded by him in 1913 together with A. Baitursynov. The poems were full of sharp criticism of the socio-economic situation of the Kazakhs, the oppression of the tsarist empire. In 1913, the poem "Azamat" was published.
In 1917, the first all-Kazakh Congress was held in Orenburg, one of the organizers of which was Mirzhakip Dulatov. In fact, the first Kazakh political party "Alash" was organized there. Soon M. Dulatov became a member of the Alash-Orda government under the leadership of A. Bukeikhanov and A. Baitursynov. At the same time, the poet-educator headed the Committee to help starving Kazakhs in Semirechensk and Syrdarya regions, he was the editor of the newspaper "Akzhol", he developed textbooks for Kazakh schools.
In the period from 1922 to 1928 he taught at the Kazakh People's Institute of Education in Orenburg, he worked in the judicial organizations of Petropavlovsk and Semipalatinsk, and in the press in Kyzylorda.
In 1930, having already been in the NKVD jails for 2 years, M. Dulatov was sentenced to shot. However, the death sentence was later commuted to ten years in the camps. Dulatov ended up in the Solovki camp. Five years of hard labor damaged the health of the strong man. M. Dulatov fell ill and died on October 5, 1935, not very long before his 50th birthday. The poet was rehabilitated in 1988 posthumously. In 1992, his remains were reburied in his home aul near Turgai.
Readers of the Library of Elbassy can get acquainted with the works of Mirzhakip Dulatov: the publication "Oyan, Kazak!", which includes a novel and poems; a collection of works by M. Dulatov (poems, stories, plays, winged words, research articles), published for the 125th anniversary of the poet; a 5-volume collection compiled by G. Dulatova and S. Imanbaeva. It is probably one of the largest publications, which collected practically all the most vivid works and writings of M. Dulatov, both lyrical works and scientific work in the field of pedagogy, journalism and even medicine.